The Song of Roland is one of the most well-known epics from the Middle Ages. Roland was a brave knight who sacrificed his life for his King.
The Song of Roland tells the story of how the King of the Franks, Charlemagne (Charles the Great) , invaded Spain which at the time was ruled by the Arabs. This was around the year 800. The Arabs were Muslims. After some time, the troops retreated to France, travelling through narrow mountain passes. The King rode first, followed by Roland and his men. Suddenly, Roland ´s troops were attacked. Roland did not call for help as he did not want to risk an attack to the King as well. When he eventually did blow his horn, it was too late. When the King arrived at the battle-field, Roland was dying. King Charlemagne and all the other soldiers had been saved, because Roland had been so brave.
Here, you can read about how Roland and his Franks pitched a camp. They have not noticed the Arabs who are lurking in the valleys, armed and prepared to attack.
"Charlemagne has conquered Spain,
captured its fortresses, penetrated its citadels.
The King says the war is over.
The Emperor is riding towards fair France.
Count Roland has raised their standard against the sky on the top of a hill.
The Franks camp in the open air throughout the country-side.
The pagans are riding through deep valleys,
wearing coats of mail and helmets.
They have swords at their sides,
shields slung from their necks and lances with pennants attached.
They hide in a wood on top of the mountain.
Four hundred thousand await daybreak.
God! How sad that the Franks know nothing of it!"